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id="tpnrxl7j" class="title"> <h3><a>嵌入式數控系統的硬件結構及設計與調試（一）<small></small></a></h3> </div> <!-- 頁面標題結束 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <!-- 中部開始 --> <div id="tpnrxl7j" class="container"> <!-- 正文 --> <div id="tpnrxl7j" class="lead" id="print"> <p> <span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 21pt;">1</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">引言</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family: 宋體;">這篇文章提出了一種根據</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">ARM9</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">系列</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">S3C2410</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">嵌入式微處理器和</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">DSP</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">專用運動操控芯片</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">MCX314As</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">的數控系統設計。其中</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">S3C2410</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">處理器是典型的</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">32</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">位</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">R ISC</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">芯片</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">具有體積小、</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">功</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">耗</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">低、</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">運</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">算</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">速</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">度</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">快、</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">片</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">內</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">集</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">成</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">度</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">高</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">等</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">優</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">點。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">MCX314As</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">是日本</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">NOVA</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">公司推出的</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">4</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">軸運動操控的專用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">DSP</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">集成電路</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">通過這個集成電路能夠操控步進電機驅動或有脈沖型伺服電機驅動的</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">4</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">軸的方位、</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">速度和插補。選用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">S3C2410</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">和</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">MCX314As</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">規劃的經濟型數控系統的方案</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">具有高集成度、</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">高可靠性和低成本等顯著特點。</span><span lang="EN-US"><!--[endif]--></span><img src="/upload/images/201407/14051726230029.jpg" alt="" /></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="text-indent: 21pt;"><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">嵌入式數控系統的硬件體系結構</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">嵌入式數控系統的硬件體系結構與典型的運動控制系統的結構基本相同</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">主要有輸入輸出裝置、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">數控制裝置、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">驅動控制裝置和機床電器邏輯控制裝置四部分組成</span><span lang="EN-US">[ 4 ]</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">為嵌入式數控系統的硬件體系總體結構圖。在圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中</span><span lang="EN-US"> , PC</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">機用虛線圍起來</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">是因為</span><span lang="EN-US"> PC</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">機不是該嵌入式數控系統的主要組成部分</span><span lang="EN-US"> , PC</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">機的存在只是作為嵌入式數控系統的開發平臺</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">或者在實際使用中作為數控系統的數控加工文件的輸入輸出裝置</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">也可以把</span><span lang="EN-US"> PC</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">機和嵌入式數控系統進行聯網</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">組成強大的數控網絡。輸入裝置是將數控加工程序等各種信息輸入數控的裝置</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">輸入內容及數控系統的工作狀態可以通過輸出裝置觀察。我們設計的嵌入式數控系統的輸入裝置是鍵盤、</span><span lang="EN-US"> PC</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">機或者各種</span><span lang="EN-US"> U</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">盤等移動存儲設備</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">輸出裝置是</span><span lang="EN-US"> LCD</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">顯示屏。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family: 宋體;mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋體;">體系硬件渠道由</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> ARM9</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> S3C2410</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">主控板和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> MCX314As</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">運動控制板構成</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> ,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">這樣分隔規劃有利于使整個數控體系的硬件體系結構及各個模塊的接口模塊化和標準化。為將來模塊或許體系的硬件維護和升級帶來極大的方便。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="text-indent: 21pt;"><span lang="EN-US">MCX314As</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">日本</span><span lang="EN-US"> NOVA</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">電子有限公司研制的</span><span lang="EN-US"> DSP</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">運動控制專用芯片</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">性能優良、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">接口簡單、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">編程方便、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">工作可靠</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">可廣泛應用于</span><span lang="EN-US"><a target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">數控機床</span></a></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">機器人等領域的運動控制</span><span lang="EN-US">[ 5 ]</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-bidi-font-family: 宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="text-indent: 21pt;"><span lang="EN-US">MCX314As</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">是以單一芯片而可控制</span><span lang="EN-US"> 4</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">軸的脈沖序列輸出驅動伺服馬達、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">步進馬達的運動控制芯片</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">可以進行各軸獨立的定位控制、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">速度控制</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">另一方面亦可在</span><span lang="EN-US"> 4</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">軸中任意的選擇</span><span lang="EN-US"> 2</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">軸或是</span><span lang="EN-US"> 3</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">軸來進行圓弧、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">直線、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">位模式插補</span><span lang="EN-US">[ 1 ]</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-bidi-font-family:宋體; mso-font-kerning:0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">在</span><span lang="EN-US"> ARM9</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">主控板上設計有一個總線接口電路</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">這個電路已經把</span><span lang="EN-US"> S3C2410</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">芯片上的一些信號線包括</span><span lang="EN-US"> 16</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">位數據線、</span><span lang="EN-US"> 12</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">位地址線、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">片選信號和一些讀寫控制信號線引出來</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">方便用戶擴展應用電路。運動控制芯片</span><span lang="EN-US"> MCX314As</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">與</span><span lang="EN-US"> S3C2410</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">處理器的連接就是通過這個標準的總線接口電路</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">把兩者的數據線、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">地址線、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">讀寫控制線、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">片選信號和中斷等信號連接起來?？刂葡到y硬件結構</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">如圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 2</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">所示。從圖中可以看出</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">除了數控裝置采用了上下位分機的設計方法</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在</span><span lang="EN-US"> ARM9</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">的主控板的設計上也采用了</span><span lang="EN-US"> ARM9</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">核心板和</span><span lang="EN-US"> ARM9</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">主控用戶板的這種分開的模塊化結構。核心板是</span><span lang="EN-US"> ARM9</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">處理器的最小系統</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">只包括簡單的</span><span lang="EN-US"> S3C2410</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">芯片、</span><span lang="EN-US"> RAM</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">和</span><span lang="EN-US"> ROM</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">存儲器</span><span lang="EN-US">;</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">而用戶板可以靈活剪裁設計</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">根據實際需要可以在板上設計</span><span lang="EN-US"> LCD</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">接口、</span><span lang="EN-US"> US B</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">接口、</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">以太網接口、</span><span lang="EN-US">IIS</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">接口、</span><span lang="EN-US"> UART</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">接口、</span><span lang="EN-US"> ADC</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">模數轉換接口以及</span><span lang="EN-US"> GPRS</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">等外部硬件接口</span><span lang="EN-US">[ 3 ]</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。核心板與用戶板兩者以標準的接口連接</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">有利于用戶的升級或二次開發</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">用戶可以在不改變核心部分的情況下需只修改剪裁用戶板</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">或者在不改變用戶板的情況下更換核心板</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">就能夠開發升級嵌入式數控系統數控裝置的硬件。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201407/14051726370677.jpg" alt="" /><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> </span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">總之</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">整個嵌入式數控系統的硬件體系結構屬于典型的運動控制系統</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">使用基于</span><span lang="EN-US"> ARM9</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">和</span><span lang="EN-US"> MCX314As</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">處理器作為數控系統控制核心</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">盡量使得系統的各功能部分模塊化</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">接口標準化</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">有利于系統的開放性的提高</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">易于維護和升級。在基于</span><span lang="EN-US"> ARM9</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的嵌入式數控裝置中</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">硬件部分主要由</span><span lang="EN-US">ARM9</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">處理器</span><span lang="EN-US"> S3C2410</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">和</span><span lang="EN-US"> MCX314As</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">運動控制卡組成。以</span><span lang="EN-US">S3C2410</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">處理器芯片為核心的板卡為上位機</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">用于預處理、鍵盤、</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">顯示、</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">外部通訊等管理工作</span><span lang="EN-US">; </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">以運動控制芯片</span><span lang="EN-US">MCX314As</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">及其外圍電路組成的板卡為下位機</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">用于根據上位機的命令和數據進行計算和處理然后輸出控制脈沖。運動控制器是系統的核心器件</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">完成系統的大部分功能。</span><span lang="EN-US">S3C2410</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">與</span><span lang="EN-US"> MCX314As</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的信號連接圖如圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 3</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">所示。由圖中可以看到</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">在那些互相連接的信號線之間都隔著一些寫著“</span><span lang="EN-US">S N74ALVC164245</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">”</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的芯片</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">那是因為</span><span lang="EN-US"> S3C2410</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的</span><span lang="EN-US">I/O</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">引腳的工作電壓是</span><span lang="EN-US"> 313 V</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的</span><span lang="EN-US"> (</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">按道理可以承受</span><span lang="EN-US"> 5V</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">電壓</span> <span lang="EN-US">) ,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">而</span><span lang="EN-US"> MCX314As</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的工作電壓是</span><span lang="EN-US"> 5V,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">為保險起見</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">同時也為了增加信號之間傳輸的可靠性</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">我們在兩者信號連接時加入了“</span><span lang="EN-US">S N74ALVC164245</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">”</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的芯片來實現電平的轉換</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">同時驅動信號</span><span lang="EN-US">[ 4 ]</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">。</span></p></div> <div id="tpnrxl7j" class="blank30"></div> <!-- tag --> <div id="tpnrxl7j" class="blank10"></div> 標簽： <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F' target='_blank'>系統</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E6%95%B0%E6%8E%A7%E6%9C%BA%E5%BA%8A' 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