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id="tpnrxl7j" class="title"> <h3><a>談串行總線的優點及數控系統的發展現狀和對策<small></small></a></h3> </div> <!-- 頁面標題結束 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <!-- 中部開始 --> <div id="tpnrxl7j" class="container"> <!-- 正文 --> <div id="tpnrxl7j" class="lead" id="print"> <p> <span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">在計算機系統中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 21pt;">,</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">總線接口對整個系統的性能和功能都有直接影響</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 21pt;">,</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">有關專家預測串行總線將逐漸取代并行總線。在數控系統中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 21pt;">,</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">具有開放性的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 21pt;"> PCNC </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">數控系統正在取代傳統形式的數控系統</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 21pt;">,</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">并成為市場的主流產品。計算機總線結構的變革</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 21pt;">,</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">必將影響數控系統的體系結構</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 21pt;">,</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">串行總線的應用將極大地改變現有的傳統數控系統的結構形式。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">1 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">串行總線的優點</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">串行總線連接引腳數量少</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">連接簡單</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">成本較低</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">系統可靠性高。對于高速計算機系統</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">串行總線比并行總線更容易使用。在并行總線中</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">傳輸數據的各個位必須處于一個時鐘周期內的相同位置</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">頻率越高</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">對器件的傳輸性能和電路結構要求越嚴格</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">系統設計難度加大</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">致使系統成本提高</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">可靠性降低。相比之下</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">使用串行總線時</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">數據的各個位是串行傳輸的。在串行總線設計時</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">既可以嵌入時鐘信號作為同步信號</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">也可以采用鎖相環的時鐘恢復方式；同并行總線相比</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">串行總線的傳輸線效應比較容易處理</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">從而降低設計難度和系統成本。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">2 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">國外數控系統總線接口的發展概況</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family: 宋體;">在數控系統行業中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">世界上最大的數控系統生產廠日本</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">FANUC<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">公司推出的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">15i/16i/18i/21i<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">系列數控系統</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">便是一種串行總線結構形式的數控系統。該系列數控系統以其獨特的結構、優良的性能引起了關注。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">1990<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">年德國一些著名的</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">CNC<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">系統和伺服系統制造商</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">例如</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">SIEMENS<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">BOSCH</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">AMK<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">等公司</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">與科研機構共同發起成立了</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">SERCOS<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">協會</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">并制訂了串行實時通訊協議</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">以便在德國建立一個統一的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">CNC<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">系統與數字伺服系統接口標準</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">并開發相應的產品。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">1992<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">4<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">該協議已經被建議作為新的標準和國際標準。目前德國已經被歐洲主要</span><span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">CNC<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">系統和伺服系統制造商所接受</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">,<span id="tpnrxl7j" class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">引起國際同行業的重視。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">THOMSON </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">公司已經取得</span><span lang="EN-US"> SERCOS </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">接口硬件的生產許可</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">生產出</span><span lang="EN-US"> SERCOS </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">接口控制器</span><span lang="EN-US"> SERCOS410A ASIC </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">芯片</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">供</span><span lang="EN-US"> CNC </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">系統和伺服系統生產廠家使用。</span><span lang="EN-US">1997 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">年日本也成立了</span><span lang="EN-US"> SERCOS </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">協會。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">3 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">我國的現狀和對策</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">在我國市場上</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">國外數控系統仍占統治地位</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">傳統數控系統還占據著市場的絕大部分份額</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">中國市場成為其落后技術及庫存的傾銷地。雖然中華Ⅰ型、航天Ⅰ型、華中Ⅰ型等</span><span lang="EN-US"> PCNC </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">系統相繼推出</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">但總體設計仍未擺脫傳統數控系統的框架</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">成本較高</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">目前還難以取代傳統數控系統的市場地位。但隨著個人計算機及網絡技術在數控系統中的應用</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">傳統數控系統不可避免地將被更具有競爭力的串行總線計算機數控系統所取代。串行總線計算機數控系統將成為數控系統未來發展的方向</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">對串行總線系統結構的研究應引起我們的高度重視。在學習消化國外先進技術的基礎上</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">盡快研究、建立有關的標準和協議</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">選擇適用的實時操作系統</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">開發相應的數控軟件、串行接口芯片和伺服系統</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">推出我國自主版權的新一代數控系統</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">為參與國際市場競爭打下良好的物質基礎。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">4 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">結語</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">串行總線計算機數控系統是數控系統的發展方向</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">我們不能完全依賴國外進口</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">應加強對新技術、新方法的研究</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">尋求發展</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">振興我國數控系統產業。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top:4.5pt;margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:center;line-height:13.5pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan;mso-outline-level:1"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 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initial;">伯特利數控一直以盡心、盡力、盡意的態度把握每一臺</span><b><span style="font-family: Arial; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> </span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt"><a ><span lang="EN-US">加工中心</span></a></span></b><b><span style="font-family: 宋體; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">、</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt"><a ><span lang="EN-US">鉆攻中心</span></a></span></b><span style="font-family: 宋體; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: 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